Plumbing fixture installation



March 30, 1948. J. D. LANGDbN 2,438,507

PLUMB ING FIXTURE INSTALLATION Filed Nov. 27, 1944 Patented Mar. so, 1948 UNITED STATES P TENT OFFKIE PLUMBING FIXTURE INSTALLATION Jesse D. Langdon, Long Beach, Calif.

Application November 27, 1944, Serial No. 565,353

Claims. (Cl. 4-70) This invention is a continuation in part of U. S. application, Ser. No. 389,436 filed April 19, 1941, now abandoned.

The instant invention relates particularly to the installation of toilet, sewage disposal fixtures and defecaters, which are interconnected between a source of water supply and a sewer. The invention aims to provide ways and means of making new installations or changing over existing installations to eliminate any cross connection or possibility of such connection between a source of water supply and a sewer connected fixture of the nature described.

Further objects in view are:

1. To provide means by which installations of certain types of sewage disposal apparatus already installed can be disconnected from a source of Water supply whereby said means may be used to effectively flush a toilet bowl receptacle or defecator to evacuate the same by projecting a stream of water across a substantially open space between a source of water supply and such toilet bowl receptable or defecator.

2. Devise installation means for sewage disposal devices ordinarily interconnected between a source of water supply and a sewer whereby a gap is provided between such device and the source of water supply and means provided to meet any change of pressure conditions in a manner to practically project a free stream of water from a nozzle into the inlet of the sewage disposal device.

3. To provide means of establishing a proper relationship between the various elements forming the means by which the invention is made practical, such as the position of a nozzle, the spacing of a gap between the nozzle and an inlet to a sewage disposal fixture, the provision of suitable baffle means to direct the flow of water to follow a passageway into the fixture with a minimum of frictional resistance.

4. To provide means aiming to utilize ordinary plumbing connections, materials and devices in common use to facilitate the practical application of the method without the necessity of using little if any special apparatus as means to accomplish the purpose of the instant invention.

@ther and further objects and purposes of the invention disclosed will appear as the specification and description proceed, as illustrated by the drawings, which are of a strictly diagrammatic nature. The reduction to practice shown includes only such illustrations as are deemed essential to establish and aid in the procedure necessary to the use of the invention.

5. Provide means to entrain atmospheric air with a jet of liquid projected into a fixture of the class described.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a flushing bowl and usual tailpiece partly cut away in section with a flush valve having an inlet for attachment to a supply line, and provided with a noz- Z16 registering centrally of the tailpiece.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of an L-shaped tailpiece with a bafile installed shown in longitudinal section.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a fragmentary portion taken in the opposite direction from that of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view as at 4 x 4, Figs. 1' and 2, intersecting tail-piece TP and bafile B.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of battle B showing slot S and beveled ends BE.

The form of the invention illustrated by Fig. 1 involves the following changes as related to an original installation where the tail-piece TP is connected to the valve V prior to the application of the instant invention. The means and procedure involved by the use of the instant invention is applied as follows:

To apply the invention to existing installations:

1. The coupling nut CN securing the tail-piece TP to the valve V is removed to disconnect a portion of the tail-piece I? which is previously sawed off a suitable distance below the valve V to permit the installation of the nozzle N which may be threaded and sized in a suitable manner to replace the coupling nut CN.

2. The tail-piece TP should have its upper end centralized with relation to the nozzle N. The spud nut SP should be thoroughly tightened in the bowl or fixture F to hold the tail-piece 'IP rigidly with the opening in the upper end thereof concentric with the nozzle N. Additional bracketing means or braces connected with the wall or bowl can be used if necessary to hold the tailpiece TP in operative position, bracketing means BM Fig. 1 forms a unitary structure with the fixture F.

3. A baiiie B as of Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 is slid into the tail-piece TP and wedged across the elbow and has a slot S which permits the tubular baflie to spring together slightly when wedged against the turn in the elbow, the slot S facing the bowl or fixture F. The diameter of the tubular bafiie B should be considerably smaller than that of the tail-piece TP: for example, using a /2" nozzle N the baffle B should be made of 1%," for use in a 2" tail-piece and may be made of sheet metal or plastic tubing having a slot S cut lengthwise of one side and being beveled at both ends as at BE to eliminate corners which would interfere with the flow of water into the tubular baffle B which is inserted with the slot 5 up. It is important that the open end of the tail-piece TP provides ample clearance for the aspiration of atmospheric air pressure actuated by a jet of Water J projected from the nozzle N which acts to entrain and draw air along with. the stream of water travel;

ing into and thru the inlet IT. It appears that the volume of water is enhanced in effectiveness by the volume of air asperated thru the inlet tube IT, furthermore when the water from the valve V is projected thru a closed tail-piece TP as ordinarily connected. There is considerably more frictional resistance to the flow of water when confined, than under conditions where the stream of water in the form of a jet is projected thru a free condition of atmospheric pressure.

It has also been demonstrated by laboratory tests that much less water will satisfactorily rflush a'toilet bowl when the instant invention had been applied to the fixtures which were tested to prove the above facts.

It will be noted that'Fig. 1 shows an installation arranged substantially the same as that of Fig. 4' of the instant inventors application Ser. No; 517,727, filed January 10, 1944, now U. S. 'Patent No. 2,361,694, issued October 31.,"1944, which also was a continuation of parent application Ser. No. 389.436, now abandoned.

The bracketing means BM project upwardly from the inlet IT and support the valve V, The inlet tube IT has been found to be the full equivalent of the tanks shown and used as casings for the valve V in the parent applications mentioned supra, when a nozzle of the right proportion and amply spaced from the end of tail-piece IT is used, when supplemented by the baffle means B, which effectively prevents spilling over the top of the inlet tail-piece IT when the nozzle N is roportioned small enough to project a, jet into the It will be seen from the foregoing description that the proportions of the various elements comprising the means necessary to the reduction to practice of the instant invention are of primary importance. The broad rules governing the proper proportioning of the means are: A nozzle N small enough to project a jet J of sumciently small diameterlto' substantially clear both the wall of theinlet tail piece IT and the opening in the upper end of the baiiie B beveled to clear the jet J, said jet striking inside of the passage relation to the surrounding wall of the tubular baflle B to permit free passage of fluid thru tallpiece TP. These proportions may be determined by trial and be varied to suit various water pressures and mechanical means available to use the instant invention. Broadly speaking the higher the water pressure the smaller the nozzle opening should be, the larger the diameter of the inlet IT and baflle B should be in proportion to one another.

It must be borne in mind when using the instant invention that the velocity of the liquid jet from the nozzle takes the place of volume, whereas with the old means of installation considerably more volume is necessary: furthermore the aspiration of atmospheric pressure thru the inlet IT and around and thru the baffle B as of the present invention eliminates a considerable of pipe friction, viz., the ordinary closed tail-piece.

The above application also being a continuation in part of pending application Ser. No. 563,233, filed November 13, 1944, for Plumbing fixture, showing the instant invention incorporatedinto a defecater bowl. Having described the instant invention of plumbing fixture installation, the following claims are made:

1. The combination with a flushing valve having an inlet for attachment to a source of pres-' sure fluid supply and having an outlet formed by. a nozzle spaced away from and in alignment with the open end of an elbow constituting a tailpiece forming the inlet to a fixture capable of containing contaminated liquid, said combination comprising tubular baffle means extended across the bend formed by said elbow within said tailpiece, the opening through the baiiie in align ment with said nozzle whereby liquid projected from said nozzle is permitted to entrain atmos pheric air, means retaining the baffle in opera tive position within said tailpiece, bypass means between said tubular baflie and the 'wall of said tailpiece whereby air is permitted to bypass said tubular baiile and be entrained with fluid projected beyond the baiile into said' fixture, said baffle adapted to change the plane of the direction of fluid flow projected from said nozzle.

2. A device as defined by clainrl wherein the tubular baffle is slotted on one side and beveled at both ends convergently from the uns'lotted side toward the slot, said baille capable of having the wall thereof bordering the'slot sprung convergently together, the spring tension thus created acting to urge the opposite ends of the tubular bafiie snugly against the wall of the inlet tube when inserted obliquely across an elbow formed by said inlet tube. V

3. For use with the device as defined by claim 1, bracketing means disposed between the flushing valve and the inlet tube to hold the nozzle and the open end of the inlet tube in fixed concentric spaced relationship with said inlet and the tubular baffle, wherebya stream of fluid projected ing of said tailpiece and said tubular baffle, the

passagewaybetween the open end of said tailpiece and into said bowl being bent, the baflie extending across the bend and forming means whereby a Jet or liquid projected from said nozzle will be deflected and urged in another direction from the initial line of projection to enter the fixture, said bafile being spaced away from the wall of said tailpiece permitting the ingress of atmosphere to bypass said baflie and join the flow of liquid beyond said baflle and into said fixture.

5. A device as defined by claim 4 wherein the tubular baifle is slit longitudinally along one side permitting the wall of the tube to flex and converge the opposite edges of the slit toward one another thereby creating a tension between the 15 Number inner radius of the bend and the two ends of the battle opposite the slit supported against the in- 6 ner wall of the tailpiece straddling the bend to aid in retaining said baille in operative position obliquely across the bend or said tailpiece.

JESSE D. LANGDON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,056,357 Lufl' Oct. 6, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date 38,591 Norway July 15, 1936 137,574 Germany Dec. 17, 1902 

